文献类型：期刊文献

英文题名：Sex-related differences in growth, herbivory, and defense of two salix species

作者：Yang, Guo[1,2]; Xu, Qiang[1]; Li, Wei[1]; Ling, Jiahao[1]; Li, Xiaoping[1]; Yin, Tongming[1]

机构：[1] The Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Biotechnology of Jiangsu Province and the Education Department of China, College of Forest, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210000, China; [2] School of Life Science, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, 312000, China

年份：2020

卷号：11

期号：4

外文期刊名：Forests

收录：EI(收录号：20202408803382)、Scopus(收录号：2-s2.0-85085974284)

语种：英文

外文关键词：Population statistics - Network security - Ecology

外文摘要：Sex-related differences in sex ratio, growth, and herbivory are widely documented in many dioecious plants. The common pattern is for males to grow faster than females and to be less well-defended against herbivores, but Salix is an exception. To study sex-related differences in the patterns of resource allocation for growth and defense in willows, we conducted a large-scale field experiment to investigate the flowering sex ratio, mortality, growth traits, insect herbivory and content of defensive substances in three Salix populations comprising two species. Results demonstrate that the two Salix suchowensis Cheng populations have a female bias in the sex ratio, whereas no bias is found in the S. triandra L. population. Male individuals in the S. suchowensis populations have significantly higher mortality rates than females. However, the mortality rate of S. triandra population has no gender difference. This finding may be one of the explanations for the difference in sex ratio between the two species. The females are larger in height, ground diameter, and biomass, and have a higher nutritional quality (N concentration) than males in both species. Nevertheless, slow-growing males have a higher concentration of the defense chemical (total phenol) and lower degrees of insect herbivory than females. Additionally, biomass is positively correlated with herbivory and negatively correlated with defense in the two willow species. It is concluded that the degrees of herbivory would have a great influence on resource allocation for growth and defense. Meanwhile, it also provides important implications for understanding the evolution of dioecy. ? 2020 by the authors.