文献类型：期刊文献

中文题名：老年精神病患者医院感染的调查分析

英文题名：Investigation and analysis of nosocomial infections in elderly patients with mental diseases

作者：陈琳霞[1];俞爱月[2];钱小芳[1]

机构：[1]绍兴市第七人民医院门急诊部;[2]绍兴文理学院医学院基础医学部

年份：2014

卷号：24

期号：13

起止页码：3263

中文期刊名：中华医院感染学杂志

外文期刊名：Chinese Journal of Nosocomiology

收录：CSTPCD、、北大核心2011、北大核心、CSCD、CSCD2013_2014

基金：绍兴市社科研究"十一五"规划重点基金项目(115187)

语种：中文

中文关键词：老年精神病;医院感染;调查

外文关键词：Elderly patients with mental diseases;Hospital infection;Investigation

中文摘要：目的调查老年精神病患者医院感染特征,以制定合理有效的防治措施,为医院感染工作提供资料和依据。方法选取精神科2008年1月-2012年10月住院治疗的老年精神病患者2 945例为观察组,年龄60～85岁,另选取2010-2012年住院治疗的2 500例年龄〈60岁的精神病患者作为对照组,对两组患者医院感染率、感染发生部位、病原菌构成、疾病种类和住院时间进行分析;采用SPSS18.0软件进行数据统计分析。结果观察组与对照组医院感染率分别为7.03%和3.32%,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）;老年精神病患者感染部位前3位依次为呼吸道占73.90%、胃肠道占13.50%、泌尿道占4.81%;病原菌感染分布以革兰阴性菌为首位占78.74%、真菌占14.49%、革兰阳性菌占6.77%;感染率较高的疾病为脑血管病所致精神障碍,占13.33%,精神分裂症和情感性精神障碍占6.61%和3.34%;且医院感染发生率随着住院时间延长逐渐增高。结论老年精神病患者医院感染发生率相对较高,感染部位主要集中在呼吸道,与患者住院时间密切相关,应采取合理有效措施,减少医院感染的发生。

外文摘要：OBJECTIVE To analyze the characteristics of nosocomial infections in the elderly patients with mental disease so as to provide data and evidence for preventing nosocomial infections. METHODS A total of 2945 elderly patients with mental disease from 60 to 85 years old who received treatment from Jan 2008 to Oct 2012 in depart- ment of psychiatry were included into observation group; another 2500 patients with mental disease below 60 years old who received treatment in hospital from 2010 to 2012 were included into control group; the nosocomial infec- tion rates, infection sites, pathogen compositions, disease types and hospital stays of the two groups of patients were analyzed; SPSS 18.0 software was adopted for statistical analysis of data. RESULTS The nosocomial infection rates of the observation group and control group were 7. 03% and 3. 32% respectively, showing a significant difference （P 〈 0. 05）. The top 3 infection sites were respiratory tract （73. 90%）, gastrointestinal tract （13.50%） and urinary tract （4.81%）. Gram-negative baeteria were the top pathogens accounting for 78.74%, followed by fungi （14.49 %） and gram-positive bacteria （6.77 %）. Mental disorder caused by cerebrovaseular dis- ease bad high infection rate, accounting for 13.33% ; schizophrenia and afleetive disorder accounted for 6.61 % and 3.34% respectively; besides, the incidence rate of nosocomial infections increased as the extension of hospital stays. CONCLUSION The nosocomial infection rate is high in the elderly patients with mental disease, with the in- fection sites mainly located in respiratory tract, which is closely related to the hospital stays of patients; therefore, it is required to take appropriate measures to reduce the occurrence of nosocomial infections.