文献类型：期刊文献

中文题名：水稻秸秆生物炭对异丙甲草胺的吸附和缓释作用

英文题名：Effects of Rice-Straw-Derived Biochar on Adsorbing and Slow-Releasing of Metolachlor

作者：葛超超[1];郭璇[1];李建法[1];吕金红[1];刘森[1];徐海霞[1]

机构：[1]绍兴文理学院化学系

年份：2016

卷号：32

期号：1

起止页码：168

中文期刊名：生态与农村环境学报

外文期刊名：Journal of Ecology and Rural Environment

收录：CSTPCD、、北大核心2014、CSCD2015_2016、Scopus、北大核心、CSCD

基金：国家自然科学基金(41271475);浙江省绍兴市公益性技术应用研究计划(2012B70084)

语种：中文

中文关键词：生物质;吸附;除草剂;缓释

外文关键词：biomass; sorption; herbicide; sustained release

中文摘要：以控制除草剂污染为目标,对水稻秸秆进行低温(200和350℃)限氧热解制备生物炭,考察其对异丙甲草胺的吸附和缓释作用。结果表明,热解温度为350℃时制备的生物炭(D350)比表面积为23.2 m2·g-1,对异丙甲草胺的吸附能力明显高于秸秆原料,与200℃时制备的生物炭(D200)接近。但是,D350生物炭对异丙甲草胺的表面吸附作用更强,且脱附滞后指数(5.35)明显高于D200生物炭(2.07),脱附滞后效应更明显。以生物炭为载体制备的颗粒制剂可延缓除草剂释放,水中释放动力学模型参数nr值接近Fickian扩散模型的0.50,且释放50%活性成分所需时间(t50)与脱附滞后指数呈正相关。

外文摘要：Aiming at controlling herbicide pollution of the environment,biochars were prepared out of rice straw through oxygen-limited pyrolysis at low temperatures（ 200 and 350 ℃）,and their effects of adsorbing and slow-releasing herbicide metolachlor were investigated. Results show that the biochar prepared at temperature of 350 ℃（ D350） was 23. 2 m2·g-1in specific surface area and hence much higher than rice straw in metolachlor sorption capacity,and close to the biochar prepared at temperature of 200 ℃（ D200）. But,biochar D350 showed a higher surface adsorption capacity to metolachlor and a higher desorption hysteresis index（ 5. 35） than D200 did（ 2. 07）,indicating that granular preparation of biochar can be used as sustained releaser of metolachlor,with parameter nrof its in-water release kinetic model being close to that（ 0. 50） of the Fickian diffusion model,and the time it took to release 50% of adsorbed metolachlor（ t50） is positively related to the desorption hysteresis index.