文献类型：期刊文献

中文题名：树龄和立地土壤条件对桃形李营养状况与果实品质的影响

英文题名：Effects of Tree Age and Soil Property on the Nutritional Status and Fruit Quality of Prunus salicina var. taoxingli

作者：郭天荣[1];杨崇珽[1];吴秋翰[1];冯烨涛[1]

机构：[1]绍兴文理学院生命科学学院,绍兴312000

年份：2021

卷号：19

期号：16

起止页码：5512

中文期刊名：分子植物育种

外文期刊名：Molecular Plant Breeding

收录：CSTPCD、、北大核心、北大核心2020

基金：绍兴市公益性技术应用研究计划项目(2018C20008);浙江省科技厅公益项目(LGN20C150004);浙江省教育厅资助项目(Y201839946)共同资助。

语种：中文

中文关键词：嵊州桃形李(Prunus salicina);树龄;立地土壤;养分含量;果实品质

外文关键词：Shengzhou nane(Prunus salicina);Tree age;Soil properties;Nutrient content;Fruit quality

中文摘要：为明确树龄和立地土壤条件对桃形李果实品质的影响,本研究对嵊州市金庭镇不同树龄桃形李果树立地土壤养分、叶片养分,及采收期果实品质指标进行测定,并进行相关分析。结果表明,果实单果质量(MPF)、可溶性固形物(TSS)含量、可溶性糖(SS)含量及Vc含量和固酸比(TSS/TA)和糖酸比值(SS/TA)均以10~12年生果树显著最高,可滴定酸(TA)含量则以10~12年生果树显著最低;MPF、果实硬度(FF)、TSS含量及TSS/TA值以38~40年生果树显著最低。所有检测的果园土壤均呈酸性或强酸性,且土壤pH值随果树树龄增加而下降;有机质均缺乏,碱解氮量不足;除38~40年生果树根际土壤中有效钾、有效钙、有效镁、有效铜、有效锌不足外,其余检测土壤中有效磷、有效铁、有效锰、有效锌水平均较高。相关分析表明,果实品质主要受土壤中有效铜和有效钙含量、根际pH值和有机质及有效磷含量影响。果实两次速长期取样叶片中同种养分不同树龄间均差异显著,果实成熟增长期叶片养分含量以10~12年生果树中最高。相关分析结果显示,幼果膨大期叶片中仅总氮、总钾、总钙、总铁和总锌含量显著影响果实品质;但果实成熟增长期除了叶片中总锰含量外,其他养分均显著影响果实品质。综上可见,桃形李果实品质随果树树龄增加而下降。为保证桃形李高产优质,果园应增加有机肥施用量,并适量施用钙肥、铜肥和磷肥等肥料。果实成熟增长期叶片养分供应对果实品质贡献较大,特别要保证此期相应肥料的供给。

外文摘要：The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of tree age and soil property on the nutritional status and fruit quality of Shengzhou nane(Prunus salicina). The contents of the soil nutrients, leaf nutrients during two rapid fruit growth stages and fruit quality indexes of Shengzhou nane with different tree ages in Jinting town,Shengzhou, were measured. The results showed that the highest values of the mass per fruit(MPF), the contents of total soluble solids(TSS), soluble sugar(SS), and vitamin C(Vc), and the ratios of TSS/TA and SS/TA, and the lowest value of the titratable acid(TA) content were detected in the fruit of 10~12 year old trees. However, the lowest values of the MPF, fruit firmness(FF), the contents of TSS, and the ratios of TSS/TA were detected in the fruit of 38~40 year old trees. Moreover, the soil of all the orchards detected was acidic or strongly acidic, and the soil pH values decreased with the increase of tree ages. Moreover, all the soil was short of organic matter and alkalihydrolyzed nitrogen(N), while, the contents of available phosphorus(P), available iron(Fe), available manganese(Mn), and available zinc(Zn) were sufficient. Further, the contents of available potassium(K), available calcium(Ca), available magnesium(Mg), available copper(Cu), and available zinc(Zn) in the rhizosphere of 38~40 year old trees were lacking. The results of correlation analysis between the contents of soil nutrients and the fruit quality indexes showed that the fruit quality was mainly affected by the contents of available Cu, available Ca, and available P, and pH value and organic matter content in the soil. In both rapid fruit growth stages, there were significant differences in nutrient contents in the leaves with different tree ages. The highest contents of most nutrients were detected in the leaves of 10~12 year old trees during the fruit ripening stage. The results of correlation analysis between the contents of leaves nutrients during two rapid fruit growth stages and the fruit quality indexes showed that only the contents of total N, total K, total Ca total Fe, and total Zn in the leaves during the fruit expanding stage significantly affected fruit quality, while, during the fruit ripening stage, the contents of all the nutrients except total Mn all significantly affected the fruit quality. In conclusion, the fruit quality of Shengzhou nane decreased with the increase of tree ages. In order to keep high yield and fruit quality, more organic matter, fertilizers of Ca, Cu, and P should be applied in all the orchards. Further, sufficient fertilizers supply during the fruit ripening stage is very necessary because the nutrient contents in the leaves during this stage had a great influence on the fruit quality.