文献类型：期刊文献

中文题名：低强度LVPET/COPET皮芯复合长丝的制备及性能研究

英文题名：Study on the preparation and properties of low-strength LVPET/COPET skin-core composite filaments

作者：任天翔[1];孙潇潇[1];滕晓波[5];石佩玉[1];戚栋明[6];马金星[7];赵德方[1,2,3,4];占海华[1,2,3,4]

机构：[1]绍兴文理学院纺织服装学院,浙江绍兴312000;[2]绍兴文理学院浙江省清洁染整重点实验室,浙江绍兴312000;[3]绍兴文理学院国家碳纤维工程技术研究中心浙江分中心,浙江绍兴312000;[4]绍兴文理学院纤维基复合材料国家工程研究中心绍兴分中心,浙江绍兴312000;[5]凯泰特种纤维科技有限公司,浙江绍兴312000;[6]浙江省现代纺织技术创新中心,浙江绍兴312000;[7]绍兴水乡纺织科技有限公司,浙江绍兴312000

年份：2023

卷号：60

期号：4

起止页码：38

中文期刊名：丝绸

外文期刊名：Journal of Silk

收录：CSTPCD、、Scopus、CSCD2023_2024、北大核心、CSCD、北大核心2020

基金：绍兴市“揭榜挂帅”制科技项目(2021B41003)。

语种：中文

中文关键词：低强度纤维;低黏度聚酯;水溶性聚酯;皮芯型复合长丝;熔体复合纺丝工艺;可手撕纺织品

外文关键词：low strength fiber;low viscosity polyester;water soluble polyester;skin-core composite filament;melt composite spinning process;tearable textiles

中文摘要：可手撕纺织品作为近年来新型纺织材料的研究热点之一,人们对其可撕裂性能和服用性能提出了更高的要求。文章分别以低黏度聚酯(LVPET)和水溶性聚酯(COPET)作为皮层和芯层,通过熔体复合纺丝工艺制备低强度皮芯复合FDY长丝。通过光学显微镜观察复合纤维的横截面皮芯结构形态,确定合适的原料组分配比,优化了纺丝温度、牵伸倍数、纺丝速度等工艺参数;进一步地,对所制备纤维的取向度及拉伸性能进行了测试分析。研究结果表明,LVPET与COPET螺杆挤出机各区温度分别为285℃/285℃/285℃/285℃/285℃和284℃/284℃/284℃/284℃/285℃,LVPET与COPET纺丝箱体温度分别为282℃和280℃,第二热辊温度为90~115℃、LVPET与COPET的质量比为50︰50、牵伸倍数为2.7、纺丝速度为3000 m/min时,制得的171 dtex皮芯型复合长丝的可纺性及力学性能良好,满足可手撕纺织品对纤维强度的要求。

外文摘要：With the rapid development of material science and technology and the continuous improvement of market demand,more and more new textile materials have emerged at home and abroad.Among them,the tearable textile material,a new type of textile,can be used for the preparation of products such as tearable medical gauze,bandages,disposable tearable bags,label cloth,and electronic tapes.Users can tear it from any direction.The use process is convenient and fast,and it has a wide space for development and application.Tearable textiles are mainly woven from low strength fibers,and the strength is required to be about 2.0 cN/dtex.However,the strength of conventional chemical fibers is generally over 2.5 cN/dtex,and that of polyester fibers is more than 3.0 cN/dtex.Therefore,special preparation processes are required to meet the requirements of low strength properties.At present,there are three main preparation methods of tearable textiles on the market.One is to add chemical additives and adhesives to chemical fiber raw materials and make non-woven materials through nonwoven technology.However,such materials exhibit poor durability,heat resistance,light resistance,moisture absorption and air permeability,limiting their application in various fields.Another is the physical and chemical modification of chemical fiber masterbatches or fibers.The fabric obtained can not only meet the tear performance requirements,but also meet the basic wearing performance.The last method is to use melt composite spinning to prepare low strength skin core composite fibers,and process design can be used to prepare fibers with profiled sections to improve the tear resistance,bulkiness and air permeability of the fabric.Nevertheless,there are relatively few studies on low strength sheath core composite fibers at home and abroad,and the low strength sheath core composite filament of pure polyester has not been reported in the literature at home and abroad.The intermolecular force of low viscosity polyester(LVPET)is small,which can meet the preparation requirements of low strength fibers.LVPET retains some properties of polyester,and has good adhesion and compatibility with other polyester compounds.The special structure on the macromolecular chain of water-soluble polyester(COPET)makes it easy to hydrolyze,which reduces the use of organic solvents and is conducive to recycling,and can improve the economic and social benefits of the product.In view of this,we explored the preparation of a low strength sheath core composite fiber with LVPET as the skin layer and COPET as the core layer through melt composite spinning process.Specifically,LVPET chips and COPET chips meeting the water content requirements after drying were sent to their respective screw extruders for melting and extrusion,and were respectively transported to the metering pumps in the main and auxiliary spinning boxes through different melt pipes.Then,they were compounded into skin core structure section shapes in the spinning components,and then they were sprayed from the spinneret,cooled and solidified by side blowing to obtain composite fibers.Finally,the low-strength LVPET/COPET sheath-core composite fiber was obtained by oiling,pre-stretching,stretching,heat setting and winding.During the whole experiment,the appropriate screw melting temperature,spinning temperature and drafting temperature were determined according to the spinnability and spinning quality of the fiber;the LVPET/COPET ratios were set at 30︰70,40︰60,50︰50,60︰40 and 70︰30,respectively for experiments.The skin core structure of the composite fiber was observed through the optical microscope to determine its raw material composition distribution ratio;the spinning speeds of 2800 m/min,3000 m/min,3200 m/min and 3400 m/min were set respectively for experiments.The spinning speeds were determined according to the spinnability,mechanical properties(breaking strength and elongation at break)and orientation degree of the fibers;the drafting ratios were set as 2.4 times,2.7 times,3.0 times and 3.6 times,respectively for experiments,and the drafting ratios were deterimined according to the spinnability,mechanical properties(breaking strength and elongation at break)and orientation degree of the fiber.The results show that when LVPET and COPET are used for skin core composite spinning,temperatures of various zones of the screw extruder for LVPET and COPET screw extruder are 285℃/285℃/285℃/285℃/285℃and 284℃/284℃/284℃/284℃/285℃,respectively,the spinning box temperatures of LVPET and COPET are 282℃and 280℃,respectively,the temperatures of the second hot roll range from 90℃to 115℃,the mass ratio of LVPET to COPET is 50︰50,and the drafting multiple is 2.7,the spinning speed is 3000 m/min,the prepared 171 dtex skin-core composite filament has good spinnability and mechanical properties,which meets the fiber strength requirements of tearable textiles.Through the selection and modification of raw materials as well as the optimization of process,the requirements of tearable textiles for low strength properties of fibers can be met,and the antibacterial property,durability and wearability of fibers can be further improved by means of modification,so as to expand their application scope in various fields and have a good development space.