文献类型：期刊文献

英文题名：Response of Gut Microbiota, Digestive Enzyme Ability, and Immune Function to Starvation in the Oriental River Prawn Macrobrachium nipponense

作者：Shen, Wenying[1];Qu, Yin[1];Zhang, Han[1];Zhang, Xiaodong[1];Masell, Freeman Bluefin[1];Ren, Gang[1]

机构：[1]Shaoxing Univ, Coll Life Sci, Shaoxing 312000, Zhejiang, Peoples R China

年份：2022

卷号：2022

外文期刊名：AQUACULTURE NUTRITION

收录：SCI-EXPANDED(收录号：WOS:000829620800001)、、WOS

基金：This study was supported by the Zhejiang Province Public Welfare Technology Application Research Project (No. LGN19C190011).

语种：英文

外文摘要：In order to evaluate the interplay of nutritional status and the digestive capacity, immune function, and gut microbiota in the oriental river prawn Macrobrachium nipponense, a 14-day starvation trial was conducted to detect the effects of starvation on the activities of digestive enzymes and immune enzymes and the structure of prawn gut microbiota. The adult prawns were randomly assigned to a control group (F group) and starvation group (S group) with three replicates. The F group was normally fed with commercial diet, and the S group was starved for 14 days. The result showed that digestive enzyme activities of trypsin and lipase in the hepatopancreas of the S group were significantly lower than those of the F group after 4d of starvation (P<0.05), while the activity of amylase significantly increased after 14d of starvation (P<0.05). Moreover, the results of the histological analysis of prawn gut showed that both the height of epithelial cells and microvilli of intestine in the S group were obviously decreased than those in the F group (P<0.05) after 14d of starvation. The activities of immune-related enzymes including superoxide dismutase, catalase, and acid phosphatase in the hepatopancreas of the S group significantly decreased after 4d of starvation, and lysozyme activity of the F group was lower than that of the S group after 7d of starvation (P<0.05). In addition, the results of Illumina high-throughput sequencing showed that a total of 14,285 OTUs were obtained and classified into 30 phyla, among which Actinobacteria and Proteobacteria were the predominant microflora in the intestinal microbial communities of both groups. However, the relative abundance of opportunistic pathogens was significantly increased in the S group, while the relative abundance of beneficial bacterium was decreased (P<0.05). The bacterial richness with the Chao estimator was significantly higher in the F group than in the S group (P<0.05). Both the results of principal coordinate analysis (PCoA) and nonmetric multidimensional scaling (NMDS) demonstrated that the intestinal microbiota of the F group was separate from those of the S group. The result of functional prediction of the metabolic pathways showed that the intestinal microbiota was enriched in the KEGG pathways of amino acid, carbohydrate, fatty acid, and lipid biosynthesis and degradation at level 2. This result implied that the microbiota of shrimp gut decreased nutrition metabolism under the stress of starvation. Meanwhile, comparing to the F group, the immune-related pathway of enterobacterial common antigen biosynthesis was markedly reduced in the S group (P<0.05). The result of redundancy analysis (RDA) further confirmed that the activities of digestive and immune enzymes were correlated with the microbial community structure. Finally, the structural equation modeling highlighted that changes in the activities of digestive and immune enzymes were directly related to the gut bacterial community and notably affected prawn growth.