文献类型：期刊文献

英文题名：Sex-Related Differences in Growth, Herbivory, and Defense of Two Salix Species

作者：Yang, Guo[1,2];Xu, Qiang[1];Li, Wei[1];Ling, Jiahao[1];Li, Xiaoping[1];Yin, Tongming[1]

机构：[1]Nanjing Forestry Univ, Educ Dept China, Coll Forest, Key Lab Tree Genet & Biotechnol Jiangsu Prov, Nanjing 210000, Peoples R China;[2]Shaoxing Univ, Sch Life Sci, Shaoxing 312000, Peoples R China

年份：2020

卷号：11

期号：4

外文期刊名：FORESTS

收录：SCI-EXPANDED(收录号：WOS:000534632500088)、、WOS

基金：This work is supported by the Natural Science Foundation of China (31570662).

语种：英文

外文关键词：Salix; sex ratio; growth; herbivory; chemical defense

外文摘要：Sex-related differences in sex ratio, growth, and herbivory are widely documented in many dioecious plants. The common pattern is for males to grow faster than females and to be less well-defended against herbivores, but Salix is an exception. To study sex-related differences in the patterns of resource allocation for growth and defense in willows, we conducted a large-scale field experiment to investigate the flowering sex ratio, mortality, growth traits, insect herbivory and content of defensive substances in three Salix populations comprising two species. Results demonstrate that the two Salix suchowensis Cheng populations have a female bias in the sex ratio, whereas no bias is found in the S. triandra L. population. Male individuals in the S. suchowensis populations have significantly higher mortality rates than females. However, the mortality rate of S. triandra population has no gender difference. This finding may be one of the explanations for the difference in sex ratio between the two species. The females are larger in height, ground diameter, and biomass, and have a higher nutritional quality (N concentration) than males in both species. Nevertheless, slow-growing males have a higher concentration of the defense chemical (total phenol) and lower degrees of insect herbivory than females. Additionally, biomass is positively correlated with herbivory and negatively correlated with defense in the two willow species. It is concluded that the degrees of herbivory would have a great influence on resource allocation for growth and defense. Meanwhile, it also provides important implications for understanding the evolution of dioecy.