文献类型：期刊文献

中文题名：香榧籽的品质分级与综合评价

英文题名：Quality-based grading system and integrated evaluation for Torreya grandis ‘Merrilli'

作者：孙小红[1];周瑾[1];胡绍泉[1];吕洪飞[2];王国夫[1]

机构：[1]绍兴文理学院元培学院;[2]浙江理工大学生命科学学院

年份：2018

卷号：35

期号：10

起止页码：1286

中文期刊名：果树学报

外文期刊名：Journal of Fruit Science

收录：CSTPCD、、北大核心2017、CSCD2017_2018、北大核心、CSCD

基金：绍兴市2014年科技计划项目(2014B70032);浙江省公益项目(2014C32032)

语种：中文

中文关键词：香榧;品质;因子分析;层次分析;聚类分析;判别分析;评价体系

外文关键词：Torreya grandis ‘Merrilli＇;Quality;Factor analysis;AHP;Cluster analysis;Discriminantanalysis;Evaluation system

中文摘要：【目的】探讨香榧籽品质性状指标间的相互关系,建立香榧籽品质综合评价标准及分级标准,为香榧籽品质检测提供技术支撑。【方法】以绍兴会稽山古香榧群39份香榧样品为材料,测定香榧籽品质的外观指标和营养指标中的长、宽、单粒质量、出仁率、种形指数、油脂、蛋白质、酸价、主要脂肪酸成分和微量元素等22项品质指标,利用SPSS19.0软件通过因子分析对香榧籽22项品质指标进行筛选,利用概率分布和层次分析(AHP)分别进行品质评价指标的分级及指标权重的确定,再通过K-均值聚类分析和判别分析建立香榧籽品质判别函数模型。【结果】香榧籽品质性状变异丰富,变异系数为3.14%~111.75%。其中过氧化值的变异系数最大,达到111.75%;而出仁率的变异系数最小,为3.14%;种形指数的变异性也较小,为3.57%,油脂平均含量为58.02%。通过相关分析和因子分析,从22项指标中筛选出长、宽、单粒质量、仁质量、种形指数、油脂含量、出仁率、蛋白含量和酸价9项指标作为香榧籽品质评价代表性指标;综合考虑9项指标对香榧品质的影响程度,构建层次结构模型,优化出9项指标的权重系数分别为29.14%、21.44%、10.95%、14.99%、7.84%、5.79%、4.29%、3.20%和2.36%,建立了主要品质指标的分级标准和评分标准,得到香榧籽品质综合评价的3个判别函数,建模样本和检验样本的判别正确率分别为100%和88.88%。【结论】香榧籽品质可用长、宽、单粒质量、仁质量、种形指数、油脂含量、出仁率、蛋白含量和酸价9项指标进行综合评价,本研究为香榧籽品质综合评价标准与分级标准的建立提供了科学的依据。

外文摘要：【Objective】The evaluation on nutritional quality is a significant procedure for Torreya grandis‘Merrilli＇breeding and comprehensive utilization. In order to provide technical support for online non-destructive testing in terms to the quality of Torreya grandis‘Merrilli＇, the comprehensive evaluation and classification system were established for T. grandis‘Merrilli＇quality.【Methods】Thirty nine samples of T. grandis‘Merrilli＇from Kuiji Mountain（Zhuji, Shaoxing and Shengzhou）were collected in September, 2016. Twenty two quality indexes（appearance and nutrition） including length, wide,shell thickness, seed weight, kernel weight, shape index with seed, kernel rate, fats, proteins, acid value, peroxide value, palmitic acid, stearic acid, oleic acid, linoleic acid, eicosadienoic acid, eicosatrienoic acid, calcium, potassium, iron, zinc and selenium contents were measured with three replications.The quantitative index of 30 nuts per sample was determined by the conventional method. The method of continuous extraction was used for determination of fat content. The content of protein was assayed by Kjeldahl determination. The fatty acid composition was determined by Agilent 6890 N/5975 MSD.The relative percentages of the oil constituents were quantified by calculating the relative contents based on the peak areas normalization method. The contents of 5 trace elements were determined by ICP-AES. The peroxide value and acid value of seed oil were determined according to GB/T 5009.37—2003. The role of factor analysis using SPSS 19.0 software was performed to filter primary indicators from 22 quality indicators of T. grandis‘Merrilli＇. The probability distribution and analytical hierarchy process（AHP） were used to determine indicators＇ weights in T. grandis‘Merrilli＇quality evaluation and grading. The K-means clustering and discriminant analysis were used to set up a discriminant model of T. grandis‘Merrilli＇quality.【Results】There were differences and rich diversities in length, wide,shell thickness, seed weight, fat and protein contents, and so on. Twenty two quality indexes among the39 samples showed a variable coefficient rate ranging from 3.14%-111.75%. The peroxide value had the largest variation coefficient of 111.75%. However, kernel rate had the smallest coefficient variation of3.14%. The coefficient variation of shape index with seed was also small. The average content of oil was 58.02% with small variation. There was a certain correlation among T. grandis‘Merrilli＇quality evaluation factors. The length showed very positively significant correlation to wide, seed weight and kernel weight（p 0.01）, respectively. There was a significant positive correlation between length and protein content（p 0.05）. Eight principal factors were extracted from the 22 nutritional factors, which were contributed to 19.203%, 14.357%, 10.798%, 8.935%, 8.311%, 7.26%, 5.356% and 6.146%, respectively, with a cumulative percentage of 78.886%. While the length, wide, seed weight, kernel weight,protein and acid value could decide the first principal factor, the eicosatrienoic acid, oleic acid and stearic acid could determine the second principal factor; the third principal factor was decided by palmitic acid, eicosadienoic acid and calcium contents, and the selenium, zinc and iron contents decided the fourth principal factor. Seed shape index depended on the fifth principal factor. The linoleic acid content decided the sixth principal factor. The kernel rate decided the seventh principal factor. The protein content decided the eighth principal factor. As for the quality evaluation factors in T. grandis‘Merrilli＇, the most important value was seed weight（absolute maximum rating）. The second was kernel weight and shape index with seed. Nine typical indices including length, wide, seed weight, kernel weight, seed shape index, oil, kernel rate, protein and acid value were screened from 22 T. grandis‘Merrilli＇quality indices by correlation analysis and factor analysis. An analytical hierarchy model was proposed based on the effect of nine indices on T. grandis‘Merrilli＇quality, with weight coefficients of these factors being 29.14%, 21.44%、10.95%, 14.99%, 7.84%, 5.79%, 4.29%, 3.20% and 2.36%, respectively. In the experiment, a standard of classification and evaluation was built, and three functions were applied to determine the quality of T. grandis‘Merrilli＇. And the accuracy of the functions could reach up to 100%（modeling samples） and 88.88%（test samples）, respectively.【Conclusion】The quality of T. grandis‘Merrilli ＇could be evaluated by length, wide, seed weight, kernel weight, seed shape index, oil, kernel rate, protein and acid value. The significance of the study is to provide a scientific basis for establishing a standard of comprehensive assessment and grading system for evaluating T. grandis‘Merrilli＇quality.